Abstract

A high-performance work system (HPWS) is defined as a series of performance-enhancing human resource management practices. Many studies have demonstrated the positive relationship of HPWSs with organizational, group, and individual performance. However, evidence has indicated that HPWSs can also exert negative effects. In this paper, taking a dialectical view, we elaborate several propositions regarding why HPWSs have negative effects and when these negative effects occur, mainly from the perspective of employees. We also propose several research directions enriching knowledge of the relationship between HPWSs and organizational outcomes.

Keyword

Boundary conditions ;  High-performance work system ;  HPWS ;  Mechanism ;  Negative effect

Abstract

Research demonstrates that experiences of failure can have positive and negative effects on a firm’s subsequent behavior and performance. This contradictory finding necessitates in-depth exploration on the mechanisms behind failure-related performance change. The purpose of this study is to fill this gap by disaggregating the postfailure learning process into “falling down” and “bouncing back” paths and addressing their relative effects on organizational performance in an integrated framework. We test our arguments in the context of a computer-based strategic business simulation. We repeatedly collect survey data from 144 teams in an executive education program during 2016-2018. Our study contributes to the literature on organizational learning from failure in three dimensions. First, we develop a comprehensive model by integrating macro and micro perspectives. Specifically, we advance our understanding of a firm’s subsequent reactions to failure through its micro-foundation rooted in top management team (TMT) dynamics. Second, our findings indicate that organizational learning from failure involves two stages, namely chaos stage and reassembly stages. Finally, we reveal that the severity of failure amplifies both falling down and bouncing back effects on organizational performance change. From our findings, we draw implications for organizations to facilitate effective learning from failure."

Keyword

Abstract

万达集团，在中国的房地产行业以执行力强、运营卓越的竞争优势著称，成为中国商业地产的领军企业。本案例系统阐述了万达集团战略执行力的来源，即在组织设计与管控、绩效与激励、人才管理等不同方面产生协同作用，以达成卓越运营的组织能力。同时，这种能力在企业面临从商业地产到多元化转型的时期，是否会成为掣肘？

Keyword

人力资源管理 ;  人才管理 ;  战略执行 ;  组织管理 ;  绩效与激励

Abstract

自1998年诞生于北京中关村以来，京东集团始终处于高速奔跑状态，从传统企业起步到成为电子商务领域的佼佼者，京东以迅猛的增长速度出现在公众视野。截至2012年，京东集团已经发展成为中国最大的自营B2C电商。2009—2012年间，公司员工数量迅速从几千人增长至3万人，但依然面临巨大的人才缺口。为了保持后续发展速度，创始人刘强东于2012年前后陆续引入外部高管人才，空降CXO，其中包括新任CHO隆雨。 案例A主要描述了2012年8月隆雨上任后面临的一系列人力资源管理挑战，启发学员思考在应对这些挑战时应优先考虑什么；案例B主要描述了隆雨上任第一年着手做了什么，以及在执行改革过程中的具体措施——包括企业文化梳理和人才盘点，并启发学员思考在未来几年应如何继续应对人力资源管理方面的挑战。本系列案例较全面地反映了京东集团自开创以来在人力资源工作方面所遇到的种种挑战。

Keyword

人力资源管理 ;  人才发展 ;  企业变革 ;  企业文化

Abstract

The present study proposes a trickle-down model of employee empowerment in which empowerment climate at the organization level is positively related to the empowering leadership of team leaders and ultimately to individual task performance. Importantly, we hypothesize that team leaders' and members' narcissism can respectively inhibit and enable the cross-level empowerment process by affecting the intended distribution of decision-making authority and resources between team leaders and members. The analysis of data from 834 team members of 189 teams in 46 organizations reveals that organizational empowerment climate is positively related to team leaders' empowering leadership when they are less narcissistic. Empowering leadership is positively related to individual task performance when team members are highly narcissistic. Finally, we observe that the combination of less narcissistic leaders and more narcissistic members is a condition under which the indirect effect of organizational empowerment climate on individual task performance through empowering leadership is positive.

Keyword

empowering leadership ;  narcissism ;  organizational empowerment climate ;  task performance

Abstract

自1998年诞生于北京中关村以来，京东集团始终处于高速奔跑状态，从传统企业起步到成为电子商务领域的佼佼者，京东以迅猛的增长速度出现在公众视野。截至2012年，京东集团已经发展成为中国最大的自营B2C电商。2009—2012年间，公司员工数量迅速从几千人增长至3万人，但依然面临巨大的人才缺口。为了保持后续发展速度，创始人刘强东于2012年前后陆续引入外部高管人才，空降CXO，其中包括新任CHO隆雨。 案例A主要描述了2012年8月隆雨上任后面临的一系列人力资源管理挑战，启发学员思考在应对这些挑战时应优先考虑什么；案例B主要描述了隆雨上任第一年着手做了什么，以及在执行改革过程中的具体措施——包括企业文化梳理和人才盘点，并启发学员思考在未来几年应如何继续应对人力资源管理方面的挑战。本系列案例较全面地反映了京东集团自开创以来在人力资源工作方面所遇到的种种挑战。

Keyword

人力资源管理 ;  人才发展 ;  企业变革 ;  企业文化

Abstract

In 2012, JD.com (hereafter “the company”) had emerged to be the biggest B2C (Business to Consumer) e-commerce retailer in China. From 2009 to 2012, the company’s headcount quickly grew from several thousand to nearly thirty thousand. Still, it was short of talents; and the human resources (HR) department’s role and business impact were perceived as insignificant. Its founder and CEO, Richard Liu (hereafter Richard), realized that he had to strengthen the company’s internal management in order to sustain rapid growth. In 2011 and 2012, he recruited several chief officers (CxOs), including Rain Long (hereafter Rain)—chief human resources officer (CHO) and general counsel. Case A describes the challenges she faced when joining the company in August 2012, and invites students to think about what her priorities should be when tackling these challenges. Case B describes what Rain decided to do and how she executed her priorities in the first year—primarily, two improvement projects—culture consolidation and talent review. It asks students to set priorities on tackling the remaining HR problems in the coming few years.

Keyword

Corperate Culture ;  Human Resource Management ;  talent development ;  Transformation

Abstract

In 2012, JD.com (hereafter “the company”) had emerged to be the biggest B2C (Business to Consumer) e-commerce retailer in China. From 2009 to 2012, the company’s headcount quickly grew from several thousand to nearly thirty thousand. Still, it was short of talents; and the human resources (HR) department’s role and business impact were perceived as insignificant. Its founder and CEO, Richard Liu (hereafter Richard), realized that he had to strengthen the company’s internal management in order to sustain rapid growth. In 2011 and 2012, he recruited several chief officers (CxOs), including Rain Long (hereafter Rain)—chief human resources officer (CHO) and general counsel. Case A describes the challenges she faced when joining the company in August 2012, and invites students to think about what her priorities should be when tackling these challenges. Case B describes what Rain decided to do and how she executed her priorities in the first year—primarily, two improvement projects—culture consolidation and talent review. It asks students to set priorities on tackling the remaining HR problems in the coming few years.

Keyword

Corperate Culture ;  Human Resource Management ;  talent development ;  Transformation

Abstract

Using data from 310 executive MBA students in 66 teams on a business simulation project, we explored (a) how shared leadership and team learning behaviors influence each other over time in self-managed teams, and (b) how the stability of the leadership network structure (i.e., network churn) is associated with team learning behaviors. We found that shared leadership stimulated team learning behaviors in a manner consistent with previous research at the early stages of teams' work together, but not at the middle and later stages of the task. We also found that teams that engaged in more learning behaviors early in the task were more likely to keep their leadership network structure stable. This stability was positively associated with team learning behaviors at the midpoint and end of the task. We use these findings to elaborate theory on how leadership and learning in self-managed teams develop, change, and influence each other over time.

Keyword

DYNAMICS ;  NETWORK ;  network churn ;  ORGANIZATIONS ;  PERFORMANCE ;  ROUTINES ;  self-managed teams ;  shared leadership ;  team learning behaviors ;  time ;  WORK

Abstract

Using multisource data and multilevel analysis, we propose that the ethical stance of supervisors influences subordinates’ perceptions of corporate social responsibility (CSR) which in turn influences subordinates’ trust in the organization resulting in their taking increased personal social responsibility and engagement in organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB) oriented toward both the organization and other individuals. Using a multilevel model, we assessed the extent to which ethical leadership and CSR at the work unit level impacts subordinates’ behaviors mediated by organizational trust at the individual level. We employed a sample of 71 work unit supervisors and 308 subordinates from five businesses of a conglomerate company located in mainland China. Subordinates were asked to rate supervisory ethical leadership practices, CSR, and their extent of organizational trust. Supervisors were asked to rate the personal social responsibility taking and OCB of their respective subordinates. A multilevel path analysis revealed that ethical leadership has a positive effect on CSR at the work unit level and that CSR has a positive cross-level effect on organizational trust at the individual level, which in turn significantly and positively impacts OCB through the mediating effect of taking personal social responsibility. Results are discussed in the context of China’s manufacturing sector.

Keyword

China ;  Corporate social responsibility ;  Ethical leadership ;  Manufacturing ;  Organizational citizenship behavior ;  Organizational trust