Abstract

本案例讲述了私募基金分析师杨成在2018年2月15日的时间节点，整理投资分析报告，向投资经理推荐来年的通信行业投资机会。杨成将5G作为主推的板块——5G的技术变革将催生更多颠覆性应用，中国已将5G产业上升到国家战略层面。但当前5G行业投资存在很多不确定因素：一、5G标准尚未确定，世界各国都在积极研发5G核心技术，争取占据先机；如果标准押错，容易满盘皆输。二、通信行业周期明显，当前正处在4G基建高峰已过，5G启动尚早的寒冬期，过早投资可能会面对企业业绩兑现不及时的风险。三、5G对于各国而言都是涉及国家安全的战略级技术，在国际政治局势充满变化的环境下，中兴通讯等通信公司可能存在被国外市场禁入的风险。此时，如果你是杨成，是否应该推荐中国5G产业板块和中兴通讯给基金的投资经理？为什么？如果投资的话，应该如何应对上述风险？

Keyword

5G ;  产业投资 ;  企业投资 ;  投资决策 ;  通信行业

Abstract

改革开放短短40年，深圳GDP增长超过了1万倍。深圳产业转型和创新贯穿在深圳40年的发展历程中，华强北则是深圳产业发展与转型的缩影。40年前，华强北街道是深圳一条再普通不过的街；在中国改革开放的浪潮下，华强北从平地崛起，逐渐发展成为世界闻名的“中国电子第一街”。 华强北是如何探索和发展起来的呢？在发展过程中，华强北经历了几次产业升级和市场转型？然而，“盛极必衰”，曾经因“山寨手机”迎来爆发式增长的华强北，在电子商务、移动互联网技术迅速发展的情况下迅速面临困境，华强北应该如何应对新的挑战并找到新的业绩增长点呢？

Keyword

产业发展 ;  产业转型 ;  产业集群 ;  区域经济 ;  电子行业 ;  线下商城

Abstract

本案例描述了游戏产品经理高寒通过攻读MBA,进行第二次职业选择，转型做风险投资人的过程，以及在新的工作岗位上，高寒如何快速学习、适应新的工作。高寒的经历对于MBA学生而言有很好的借鉴作用，学生通过案例可以更好地了解应该如何进行早期的职业转型和选择，地域和工作的灵活性对职业发展的影响。本案例还详细描述了高寒在风险投资行业所从事的工作，学生可以通过案例进一步了解风险投资人是如何寻找项目、做价值判断、投出项目、并做投后服务的。对计划转型做风险投资的MBA学生的职业发展路径有具体的指导意义。

Keyword

MBA教育 ;  智能家居 ;  职业发展 ;  职业转型 ;  风险投资

Abstract

It has been recognized that previous experiences can provide different types of feedback. However, it has not been systematically explored why firms are more likely to learn effectively from certain types of experience than others. From a feedback-based learning perspective, we argue that it is useful not only to focus on feedback valence (success or failure experiences) but also to examine feedback saliency (the magnitude of the experience’s influence). Based on a sample of acquisitions by U.S. firms, our results indicate that a firm’s success experience drives up the premium that it pays for a subsequent acquisition, whereas a failure experience reduces this subsequent premium. Moreover, we find that the magnitude of the effects of the four types of experiences—small failure, big failure, small success, and big success—does not follow a symmetrical pattern of inverse effects.

Keyword

acquisition experience ;  acquisition premium ;  feedback-based learning ;  feedback saliency ;  feedback valence

Abstract

从战略学视角,什么样的企业才能在商业创新中成为胜者呢?1987年,哈佛商学院及加州大学伯克利分校的几位教授曾做过一个研究:研究20世纪80年代及之前美国创新领域成功与失败企业的特征。教授们通过管理学界的2×2矩阵发现,商业的成功和失败跟是不是产品和技术鹽创者或模仿者并无关系。

Keyword

创新领域 战略学

Abstract

Despite the clearly visible effects of analysts’ pressures on C-level executives in the popular press, there is limited evidence on their effects on marketing spending decisions. This study asks two questions. First, how do analysts’ pressures affect firms’ short-term marketing spending decisions? Based on a sample of 2706 firms during 1987–2009 compiled from Institutional Brokers Earning System, COMPUSTAT, and CRSP databases we find that firms cut marketing spending. Second, more importantly, we ask if firms which remained more committed in the past to marketing spending under analysts’ pressures have higher longer-term stock market performance. We find that the stock market performance of firms more committed to marketing spending under past periods of analysts’ pressures is higher. The findings are replicated for R&D spending and are robust across measures, controls, and methodologies. Consideration of two industry-based moderators, R&D spending and revenue growth, and one firm-based moderator, whether the firm is among the industry’s top four market share or other lower share firms, reveals that the findings are stronger for high R&D and growth industries and lower market share firms. One key implication is that top executives respond to analysts’ pressures by cutting marketing spending in the short term; however, if they can resist these pressures, longer-term stock market performance is higher.

Keyword

Analysts’ earnings expectations ;  Marketing spending ;  Stock market return ;  Value of marketing

Abstract

Pressure to meet or beat earnings forecasts from securities analysts leads managers of publicly traded firms to improve short-term earnings by cutting strategic investments at the expense of long-term competitiveness. Drawing on the behavioral theory of the firm, we explore how different dimensions of performance feedback moderate managerial responses to this pressure. We find that the negative impact of earnings pressure on a firm's strategic investments is strengthened when it receives performance feedback from lower stock returns but is weakened when the firm receives performance feedback from lower sales growth. When both dimensions of performance feedback are present, we find that sales growth has a stronger moderating effect. Our paper contributes to the developing literature on multiple dimensions of performance feedback by demonstrating how stock price and sales growth differentially influence managerial responses to earnings pressure. From a management standpoint, we highlight the possibility that performance feedback influences managerial responses to earnings pressures in ways that managers may not fully consider.

Keyword

earnings pressure ;  multiple performance feedback ;  securities analysts ;  strategic investments

Abstract

在竞争中以弱胜强，要以柔道战略为基础，辅以太极的思想。柔道战略这个词起源于2000年左右哈佛：大学大卫·尤费教授写的一本叫《柔道战略》的书，当时的背景是2000年第一次互联网革命，有很多的IT中小企业挑战行业巨头。奇虎360的周鸿袢先生十分推崇这本书，他曾经说过，中国互联网巨头本身的创新能力并不强，所以反过来会模仿小公司，压制创新，创业公司的空间就会越来越小，所以当今中国的创业者急需柔道思维。

Keyword

以弱胜强战略 ;  柔道 ;  太极 ;  中国互联网 ;  创新能力 ;  中小企业 ;  创业公司 ;  小公司

Abstract

Purpose This paper aims to focus on the unique goal of understanding how marketing spending, a proxy for firm visibility, moderates the effects of corporate social responsibility (CSR) strengths and concerns on stock returns in the short and long terms. In contrast to the resource-based view (RBV) of the firm, the visibility theory, based on stakeholder awareness and expectations, offers asymmetric predictions on the moderation effects of marketing spending. Design/methodology/approach The predictions are tested based on data from KLD, Compustat and Center for Research in Security Prices from 2001-2010 and panel data based regression models. Findings Two results support the predictions of the visibility theory over those of the RBV. First, strengths are associated with higher stock returns, for low marketing spending firms, and only in the long term. Second, concerns are associated with lower stock returns, for high marketing spending firms, also only in the long term. A profiling analysis indicates that high marketing spending firms have high R&D spending and are more likely to operate in business-to-customer than business-to-business industries. Practical implications The two findings highlight the importance of coordination among chief marketing, sustainability and finance officers investing in CSR and marketing for stock returns, contingent on the firm’s marketing and R&D spending and industry characteristics. Originality/value This paper identifies conditions under which CSR is and is not related to stock returns, by uniquely considering three variables omitted in most past studies: marketing spending, CSR strengths and concerns and short- and long-term stock returns, all in the same study.

Keyword

Corporate social responsibility ;  Marketing spending ;  Stock market returns

Abstract

Research summary: Many studies use research and development (R&D) intensity or R&D spending as a proxy for risk taking, but we have little evidence that either associates positively with firm risk. We analyze the relations between R&D intensity (R&D spending to sales) and R&D spending on the one hand and 11 different indicators of firm risk on the other, using data from 1,907 to 3,908 firms in various industries over 13 years. The analysis finds a general lack of consistent positive association between R&D and firm risk, making the use of R&D as an indicator of risk taking questionable. Furthermore, R&D intensity and spending do not correlate positively, suggesting they measure different constructs. We discuss potential reasons for these nonsignificant results. Our study demonstrates that researchers should avoid casual use of R&D as a proxy for risk taking without explicitly providing a clear definition and measurement model for risk. Managerial summary: Risk is a key construct in strategic management research. Many studies in this area measure risk taking by research and development (R&D) intensity (the ratio of R&D spending to sales) or R&D spending. However, since R&D intensity and spending have also been used to measure various other things such as information processing demands, this raises the question of whether R&D intensity and spending are valid indicators of firm risk. We examine this issue by considering the associations of R&D intensity and R&D spending with conventional measures of firm risk. We find a general lack of consistent positive association between R&D and firm risk, making the use of R&D as an indicator of risk taking questionable. Furthermore, R&D intensity and spending do not correlate positively, suggesting they measure different things.

Keyword

construct measurement ;  CONSTRUCT MEASUREMENT ;  CORPORATE-STRATEGY ;  DOWNSIDE RISK ;  INVESTMENT ;  LARGE MULTIPRODUCT FIRMS ;  PERFORMANCE ;  PROSPECT-THEORY ;  R&D intensity ;  R&D spending ;  RETURN PARADOX ;  risk ;  STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT RESEARCH ;  SYSTEMATIC-RISK ;  validity